Bacterial Diseases Overview
There are many ways to organize and describe the infectious diseases,
including by etiology (pathogen), mode of transmission, anatomical site
affected, predominant reservoir (e.g. zoonotic) and other special
considerations. In this course, we will use the etiological approach. This
approach has several advantages, including clinical relevance (i.e. what lab
tests may tell us) and an easier way to separate many different causes of
disease. Special categories of diseases will be reinforced through cross-listing
them in separate tables.
Diseases with multiple and diverse causes
Bacterial infections at times cause very specific disease syndromes that are
unique enough to have their own disease designation and a single etiological
cause. For instance, syphilis, gonorrhea, plague, botulism, and anthrax are
fairly well defined infections in regard to their cause. Other infections are
more generalized and produce anatomical syndromes, such as a sore throat or
heart muscle inflammation. These syndromes usually have many different causes.
- Bronchitis: Mycoplasma, Bordetella, Haemophilus, S. pneumoniae
- Conjunctivitis: Neisseria, chlamydia, Streptococcus, Francisella
- Encephalitis: Listeria, Rickettsia, Treponema
- Endocarditis: Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus
- Epiglottitis: Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Food poisoning: Staphylococcus, Clostridium, Bacillus
- Gastroenteritis: Bacillus, E. coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, Shigella,
Campylobacter
- Keratitis: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacteria
- Meningitis: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitides, Haemophilus
- Otitis: Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, S. pneumoniae
- Peritonitis: Enterobacteria, Bacteroides, Neisseria & Chlamydia
- Pharyngitis: Group A Streptococcus, Neisseria, Mycoplasma,
Corynebacterium
- Pneumonia: Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma,
Neisseria et al
- Sepsis/septicemia: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterobacteria,
Pseudomonas
- Sinusitis: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTI): Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium,
Enterobacteria
- Wound infections: Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Bacillus
Diseases listed by causative agent
Special Categories of diseases
Sexually transmitted diseases (STD)
- Chancroid
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- Granuloma inguinale
- Lymphogranuloma venereum
- Syphilis
Zoonotic diseases (zoonosis)
- Brucellosis
- Bartonellosis (oroyo fever)
- Cat Scratch Disease
- Lyme Disease
- Plague
- Tularemia
- Psittacosis
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
- Ehrlichiosis
- Salmonellosis
- Campylobacteriosis
Food and water-borne diseases (food/water)
- Gastroenteritis (E. coli, B. cereus, Y. enterocolitica, Campylobacter,
Clostridium perfringens, Vibrio parahaemolyticus)
- Gastritis (Peptic ulcer disease)
- Enteritis (Salmonellosis)
- Dysentery (Shigellosis)
- Listeriosis
- Botulism
- Food intoxication (S. aureus, Clostridium)
- Cholera
- Brucellosis
- Tularemia
- Legionnaire's disease
- Leptospirosis
Exotoxin-mediated diseases (exotoxin)
- Bacillus anthracis
- Bordetella pertussis
- Clostridium botulinum
- Clostridium tetani
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- ETEC
- EHEC
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Shigella spp.
- Staphylococcous aureus
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Vibrio cholerae
Vector-borne pathogens (vector)
- Bartonella henselae
- Ehrlichia spp.
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Bartonella bacilliformis
- Yersinia pestis
- Francisella tularensis
- Borrelia spp.
- Borrelia recurrentis
- Rickettsia rickettsii
- Orientia tsutsugamushi
- Bartonella quintana
- Rickettsia prowazekii
- Rickettsia typhi
Intracellular bacterial pathogens and their survival strategies (intracellular)
- Listeria monocytogenes3
- Legionella pneumophila1
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis1
- Mycobacterium leprae2
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae1
- Neisseria meningitidis2
- Salmonella typhimurium2
- E. coli (EIEC, EHEC)3
- Chlamydia1
- Coxiella2
- Ehrlichia1
- Francisella tularensis3
- Rickettsia3
- 1Inhibit phagolysosome fusion
- 2Survive in lysosome
- 3Enter cytoplasm
Bioterrorism agents (link)
- Bacillus
anthracis
(anthrax)
- Brucella
species (brucellosis)
- Burkholderia mallei
(glanders)
- Burkholderia
pseudomallei (melioidosis)
- Chlamydia psittaci
(psittacosis)
- Cholera
(Vibrio cholerae)
- Clostridium
botulinum
toxin
(botulism)
- Coxiella
burnetii
(Q fever)
- Escherichia
coli O157:H7
(E. coli)
- Francisella
tularensis
(tularemia)
- Rickettsia
prowazekii
(typhus fever)
- Salmonella
species (salmonellosis)
- Salmonella
Typhi (typhoid
fever)
- Shigella
(shigellosis)
- Vibrio
cholerae
(cholera)
- Yersinia
pestis
(plague)
Case studies