Brucellosis

Introduction. 

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection that is acquired by direct contact or ingestion of contaminated animals (goats, sheep, cattle, pigs, dogs). 4 species of Brucella cause human disease. Vaccination and precautionary practices have significantly reduced the incidence of Brucellosis in the west. Because it is highly infectious (ID = 10 - 100 bacteria) it has raised concerns as a bioweapon.

Summary

• Cause: Brucella spp.
• Microscopy: Gram-negative rods
• Transmission: Direct contact with animal reservoir or contaminated food (zoonotic)
• Symptoms: Initial symptoms are non-specific (malaise, chills, sweats, fatigue etc)
• Complications: Recurring fever, GI symptoms, chronic infection
• Pathogenesis: Intracellular pathogens (macrophages & monocytes) - cause granulomas in spleen, liver, kidney, lymph nodes
• Treatment: tetracycline, doxycycline