The Dynamic Cell

What does it mean to be alive?

A. Cell Processes

1. Reproduction
2. Growth
3. Metabolism
4. Movement
5. Respiration

B. To do the work of a cell, energy is needed

1. Forms of energy
2. Energy conversion
   1. Chemical energy (digestion)
   2. Light energy (photosynthesis)
3. How the cell deals with energy
   • The cell's energy currency: ATP
   • How ATP is used
4. How the cell stores energy
   1. ATP
   2. Fats
   3. Carbohydrates

C. Cellular Work

1. Mechanical work
2. Transport work
3. Chemical work

D. Membranes do transport work

1. Diffusion
2. Facilitated diffusion
3. Osmosis
4. Active transport
5. Endocytosis & exocytosis
   • Phagocytosis

E. Enzymes do chemical work

1. Enzymes are proteins
2. Enzymes are affected by pH and temperature
3. Enzymes are regulated

Applications

1. Lactose Intolerance
   • Enzyme function
   • Osmosis
2. Isotonic saline
3. Plants wilting; Venus Flytrap
4. Freshwater fish and ocean fish
5. Lead poisoning